Vocabulary#16

1.Desalination: getting fresh water from seawater.

2.Water cycle: the continuous movement of water between Earth's surface and the air, changing from liquid to gas to liquid.

3.Grounwater: water that seeps into spaces between bits of rock and soil.

4.Water table: the top of the water-filled spaces in the ground.

5.Aquifer: an underground layer of rock or soil filled with water.

6.Spring: a place where groundwater seeps out of the ground.

7.Well: a hole dug below the water table that water seeps into.

8.Reservoir: a storage area for freshwater suplies.

Vocabulary#15

1.Renewable resource: a resource that can be replaced in a short period of time.

2.Ozone layer: a layer of ozone gas in the atmosphere that screens out much of the Sun's UV rays.

3.Fossil fuel: a fuel formed from the decay of ancient forms of life.

4.Smog: a mixture of smoke and fog.

5.Acid rain: moisture that falls to Earth after being mixed with wastes from burned fossil fuels.

Vocabulary#14

1.Rock: a naturally formed solid in the crust, made up of one or more minerals.

2.Igneous rock: a rock formed when melted rock material cools and hardens.

3.Sedimentary rock: a rock made of bits of matter joined together.

4.Fossil: any remains or imprint of living things of the past.

5.Metamorphic rock: a rock formed under heat and pressure from another kind of rock.

6.Humus: decayed plant or animal material in soil.

7.Pollution: adding any harmful substances to Earth's land, water, or air.

8.Rock cycle: rocks changing from one form into another in a never-ending series of processes.

Vocabulary#13

1.Mineral: a solid material of Earth's crust with a definite composition.

2.Luster: the way light bounces off a mineral's surface.

3.Streak: the color of the powder left when a mineral is rubbed against a hard, rough surface.

4.Hardness: how well a mineral resist scratching.

 

5.Cleavage: the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces.

6.Ore: a mineral containing a useful substance.

7.Gem: a mineral valued for being rare and beautiful.

8.Nonrenewable resource: a resource that cannot be replaced within a short period of time or at all.

Vocabulary#12

1.Fault: a crack in the crust, whose sides show evidence of motion.

2.Geologist: a scientist who studies Earth's surface.

3.Magma: hot, molten rock deep below Earth's surface.

4.Lava: magma that reaches Earth's surface.

5.Weathering: the breaking down of rock into smaller pieces.

6.Erosion: the picking up and carrying away of pieces of rock.

7.Deposition: the dropping off of bits of eroded rock.

8.Meteorite: a chunk of rock from space that strikes a surface ( such as Earth or the Moon ).

Vocabulary#11

1.Solar system: the sun and the objects that are traveling around it.

2.Planet: any of the eight large bodies that travel around the Sun and shine by reflecting it light.

3.Gravity: a force of attraction, or pull, between any object and any other object around it.

4.Inertia: the tendency of a moving object to keep moving in a straight line.

5.Lithosphere:the hard, outer layer of Earth, about 100 kilometers thick.

6.Crust: the rocky surface that makes up the top of the lithosphere.

7.Resource: any material that helps support life on Earth.

8.Hydrosphere: Earth's water.

Vocabulary#10

1.Kinetic energy: the energy of a moving object.

2.Potential energy: energy stored in an object or material.

3.Conduction: Movement of energy from a hot  object that comes into contact with a cooler object; the material remains in place.

4.Convenction: movement of energy by the flow of matter from place to place.

5.Radiation: movement of energy in the form of waves that can travel through empty space.

6.Wet cell battery: a battery containing liquid solution that produces the electricity current.

7.Dry cell batery: a battery that uses "dry chemicals" to produce an electric current.